Ngokukhula kwe-myopia emhlabeni wonke eminyakeni yamuva nje, akukho ukushoda kweziguli ezidinga ukwelashwa.Izilinganiso zokuvama kwe-Myopia kusetshenziswa Ukubalwa Kwabantu Kwango-2020 kukhombisa ukuthi izwe lidinga izivivinyo zamehlo eziyi-39,025,416 kuyo yonke ingane ene-myopia unyaka ngamunye, nezivivinyo ezimbili ngonyaka.eyodwa
Kodokotela bamehlo abacishe babe ngu-70,000 nodokotela bamehlo ezweni lonke, uchwepheshe ngamunye wokunakekelwa kwamehlo (ECP) kufanele anakekele izingane ezingama-278 njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ukuze ahlangabezane nezimfuneko zamanje zokunakekelwa kwamehlo ezinganeni ezine-myopia e-United States.1 Leso isilinganiso se-myopia yengane engaphezu kwe-1 etholwa futhi iphathwe ngosuku.Kwehluke kanjani ukwenza kwakho?
Njenge-ECP, inhloso yethu ukunciphisa umthwalo we-myopia eqhubekayo futhi sisize ukuvimbela ukukhubazeka kokubuka kwesikhathi eside kuzo zonke iziguli ezine-myopia.Kodwa iziguli zethu zicabangani ngokulungiswa kwazo kanye nemiphumela?
Uma kukhulunywa nge-orthokeratology (Ortho-k), impendulo yesiguli ngekhwalithi yempilo ehlobene nombono inomsindo.
Ucwaningo olwenziwa ngu-Lipson et al., lisebenzisa i-National Institute of Eye Diseases with Refractive Error Quality of Life Questionnaire, luqhathanise abantu abadala abagqoke amalensi okuxhumana athambile anombono owodwa nabantu abadala abagqoke amalensi e-orthokeratology.Baphethe ngokuthi ukwaneliseka okuphelele nombono kwakuqhathaniswa, nokho cishe i-68% yabahlanganyeli bakhetha i-Ortho-k futhi bakhetha ukuqhubeka beyisebenzisa ekupheleni kocwaningo.2 Izihloko zibike ukukhetha kombono ongalungiswanga wasemini.
Nakuba abantu abadala bengase bathande i-Ortho-k, kuthiwani ngokubona eduze kwezingane?UZhao et al.ihlolwe izingane ngaphambi nangemva kwezinyanga ezi-3 zokugqokwa kwe-orthodontic.
Izingane ezisebenzisa i-Ortho-k zibonise izinga eliphezulu lempilo nezinzuzo emisebenzini yazo yansuku zonke, maningi amathuba okuthi zizame izinto ezintsha, zazizethemba, zikhuthele, futhi zinamathuba amaningi okudlala imidlalo, okwagcina kuholele ekubeni isikhathi esiningi esichithwe kuyo yonke imidlalo. ukwelashwa.emgwaqeni.3
Kungenzeka ukuthi indlela ephelele yokwelapha i-myopia ingasiza ukuqhubeka nokubandakanya iziguli futhi isize ngokwanele ekulawuleni ukubambelela kwesikhathi eside ohlelweni lokwelapha oludingekayo ekwelapheni i-myopia.
I-Ortho-k yenze intuthuko enkulu kumalensi nasekwakhiweni kwezinto ezibonakalayo kusukela ekugunyazweni kokuqala kwe-FDA kwamalensi okuxhumana e-ortho-k ngo-2002. Izihloko ezimbili ezigqamayo ekusebenzeni komtholampilo namuhla: Amalensi e-Ortho-k anomehluko ojulile wokujula kanye nekhono lokulungisa ububanzi bendawo yombono wangemuva.
Nakuba amalensi e-meridian orthokeratology ngokuvamile emiselwe iziguli ezine-myopia kanye ne-astigmatism, izinketho zokuwafaka zidlula kude lawo okulungisa i-myopia ne-astigmatism.
Isibonelo, ngokuhambisana nezincomo zomkhiqizi, ngokomthetho ezigulini ezine-corneal toricity engu-0.50 diopters (D), umehluko wokujula kwendawo eyodwa yokubuya ungabelwa ngokwamandla.
Kodwa-ke, inani elincane lelensi ye-toric ku-cornea, ehlanganiswe nelensi ye-Ortho-k ecabangela umehluko wokujula kwe-meridional, izoqinisekisa ukugeleza kwezinyembezi ezifanele kanye nokugxila kahle ngaphansi kwelensi.Ngakho-ke, ezinye iziguli zingazuza ekuzinzeni nasekulinganeni okuhle kakhulu okuhlinzekwa yilo mklamo.
Ocwaningweni lwakamuva lomtholampilo, amalensi e-orthokeratology 5 mm rear vision zone diameter (BOZD) alethe izinzuzo eziningi ezigulini ezine-myopia.Imiphumela ibonise ukuthi i-5 mm VOZD ikhuphule ukulungiswa kwe-myopia ngama-0.43 diopters ekuvakasheni kosuku lwe-1 uma kuqhathaniswa nomklamo we-VOZD we-6 mm (i-lens yokulawula), ehlinzeka ngokulungiswa okusheshayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwe-acuity ebonakalayo (Izibalo 1 kanye ne-2).4, 5
Jung et al.futhi ithole ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwelensi ye-BOZD Ortho-k engu-5 mm kubangele ukuncipha okuphawulekayo kobubanzi bendawo yokwelapha ye-topographic.Ngakho, kuma-ECPs ahlose ukuzuza umthamo omncane wokwelashwa ezigulini zawo, i-5 mm BOZD ibonakale izuzisa.
Nakuba ama-ECP amaningi ejwayele ukufaka amalensi okuxhumana ezigulini, ngokuxilonga noma ngokomthetho, manje sekunezindlela ezintsha zokwandisa ukufinyeleleka nokwenza lula inqubo yokufaka umtholampilo.
Yethulwe ngo-Okthoba 2021, uhlelo lokusebenza lweselula lwe-Paragon CRT Calculator (Umfanekiso 3) luvumela odokotela bezimo eziphuthumayo ukuthi bachaze imingcele yeziguli ezine-Paragon CRT kanye ne-CRT Biaxial (CooperVision Professional Eye Care) izinhlelo ze-orthokeratology futhi bazilande ngokuchofoza okumbalwa nje.Oda.Imihlahlandlela yokuxazulula inkinga yokufinyelela ngokushesha inikeza amathuluzi omtholampilo awusizo noma nini, noma kuphi.
Ngo-2022, ukusabalala kwe-myopia ngokungangabazeki kuzokwanda.Kodwa-ke, umsebenzi wamehlo unezinketho zokwelashwa ezithuthukisiwe kanye namathuluzi nezinsiza zokusiza ukwenza umehluko ezimpilweni zeziguli zezingane ezine-myopia.